German Pinscher
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Breed at a glance
- Origin
- Germany
- Weight
- 14–20 kg (30–45 lb) [ 2 ]
- Height
- 45–50 cm (18–20 in) [ 2 ]
- Coat
- dense, short, smooth
- Colour
- self-coloured red black-and-tan
- Other names
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intro
The German Pinscher or Deutscher Pinscher is a German breed of dog in the Pinscher and Schnauzer group. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] : 218 It shares common origins with the Schnauzer, of which it is essentially a short-haired equivalent. [ 4 ] It is seen in two colours, either black-and-tan or self-coloured red, this varying from deer-red to a dark reddish brown. [ 2 ] It is an endangered breed , and is listed in category III of the Rote Liste of the Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen . [ 5 ] It is a distinct and separate breed from the Affenpinscher , the Austrian Pinscher and the Miniature Pinscher or Zwergpinscher. It was formerly kept as a carriage dog , as a stable dog or as a ratter .
History
The origins of the German Pinscher are unknown. [ 6 ] Dogs of this type, both rough-haired and smooth-haired, were traditionally kept as carriage dogs or as stable dogs, and so were sometimes known as Stallpinscher ; they were capable ratters . [ 6 ] Both types were known as Deutscher Pinscher, and came from the same lineage; rough-haired and smooth-haired puppies could occur in the same litter. [ 6 ] The rough-haired Pinscher, which would later become the Standard Schnauzer , was also known as the Rattler . [ 6 ] [ 7 ] : 152 The "smooth Pinscher" is mentioned by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach in 1836. [ 6 ] In 1880 the Pinscher was recorded in the Deutschen Hundestammbuch of the Verein zur Veredelung der Hunderassen . [ 8 ] In 1895 Ludwig Beckmann [ de ] described five varieties of Pinscher – the rough- and smooth-haired Pinscher, the rough- and smooth-haired Miniature Pinscher, and the Affenpinscher; of the smooth-haired Pinscher he says that it is becoming less common, and is not often seen at dog shows. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] : 152 In 1895 a breed society , the Pinscher-Schnauzer-Klub, was established for both types, both rough- and smooth-haired. [ 8 ] The Pinscher almost disappeared in the years after the Second World War . It was reconstructed by Werner Jung from a single standard-sized animal and four unusually large Miniature Pinschers. [ 4 ] [ 6 ] After eight years in which no births were recorded, a litter was whelped in 1958. [ 6 ] The Pinscher was definitively accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1955. [ 3 ] The Deutscher Pinscher is an endangered breed . In 2003 it was, with the Großspitz and the Mittelspitz , the 'endangered breed of the year' of the Gesellschaft zur Erhaltung alter und gefährdeter Haustierrassen ; there were at that time 40 breeding bitches. [ 6 ] In 2022 it was listed in category III, gefährdet ('endangered'), of the Rote Liste of that organisation. [ 5 ] In each of the ten years from 2008 to 2017 the number of puppies whelped was between 350 and 450; in 2016 and 2017 there were just over 50 litters per year. [ 4 ]
Characteristics
The German Pinscher is of medium size, with weights for both dogs and bitches in the range 14–20 kg and a height at the withers between 45 and 50 cm . [ 2 ] The coat is dense, short and smooth; it may be either black-and-tan or self-coloured red, this varying from a light stag-red to a dark reddish brown. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] : 218